There is increasing evidence that involvement of pediatric anesthesiologists in the perioperative care of infants and children can positively impact outcome. Considerable data have emerged in the past several years that clearly show that infants and small children experience untoward events at a much higher rate than do older children and adults. Herein the author presents some of this literature as well as data suggesting that anesthesiologists with interest and additional training in the care of infants and children can improve anesthesia outcomes. Even in these days of cost containment, it makes sense to provide the best pediatric team to care for the pediatric patient during the perioperative experience.