There are many clinical situations of concern that may be unique to pediatric anesthesiologists. The author discusses four of the more common presentations: asthma, cystic fibrosis, anterior mediastinal masses, and latex allergy. Many such issues can be resolved before surgery by consultation with members of the operating team. Some issues may require additional input from nonsurgical pediatric specialists. By maintaining good communication between the anesthesiologist and the surgeon, delays and cancellations can be minimized and patient care enhanced.