Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of ertapenem, a new once-daily parenteral beta-lactam, with that of ceftriaxone for the initial empiric treatment of adults with complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs).
Methods: In a multicenter, prospective, double-blind study, patients with cUTIs were stratified as to whether they had acute pyelonephritis or other cUTIs (without pyelonephritis) and randomized to receive ertapenem, 1 g once a day, or ceftriaxone, 1 g once a day. After 3 days, patients with a satisfactory clinical response could be switched to an oral antimicrobial agent.
Results: Of 258 randomized patients, 97 (55.4%) in the ertapenem group and 53 (63.9%) in the ceftriaxone group were evaluated microbiologically. Almost all patients in each treatment group were switched to oral therapy. The mean duration of therapy was similar in both treatment groups: parenteral, approximately 4 days; total, approximately 13 days. The most common pathogen was Escherichia coli. At the primary efficacy endpoint, 5 to 9 days after treatment, 85.6% of patients who received ertapenem and 84.9% who received ceftriaxone had a favorable microbiologic response, indicating that the two treatment groups were equivalent. The frequency and severity of drug-related adverse events were generally similar in both treatment groups.
Conclusions: In this study, ertapenem was as effective as ceftriaxone for the initial treatment of cUTI in adults, was generally well tolerated, and had a similar safety profile.