Normative data on cognitive measures of depression

J Consult Clin Psychol. 2003 Feb;71(1):71-80.

Abstract

The assessment of cognition and cognitive change is important for case conceptualization, monitoring the efficacy of specific interventions, and evaluating treatment outcome in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Unfortunately, a paucity of normative data exists on cognitive measures used for psychotherapy outcome research in depression, and little information is available to guide a practitioner's understanding of the magnitude and clinical significance of a patient's cognitive change. This article presents normative data on 6 self-report instruments that assess negative and positive automatic thoughts, hopelessness, cognitive biases and errors, and dysfunctional attitudes. Normative data were derived from studies published from the date of inception of a given cognitive index to the year 2000. Recommendations for the use of these normative data are provided.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Affect
  • Cognition*
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / methods*
  • Depression / therapy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Reference Values
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Surveys and Questionnaires*