The release and metabolism of dopamine (DA) in the striatum of rats during and after subchronic haloperidol (HAL) administration (3 weeks) was assessed using in vivo microdialysis. Basal extracellular levels of DA, DA metabolites (homovanillic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) and the serotonin metabolite (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid) were not significantly different from control values at 3 weeks of HAL administration and 3 days after drug withdrawal. The specific DA D2 receptor antagonist, raclopride (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.), significantly increased DA release and metabolism in control animals, but decreased DA release in the HAL-treated groups at 3 weeks of drug treatment. This effect was not significant following drug withdrawal. These results contrast with our previous finding that chronic HAL treatment (32 weeks) increases basal DA metabolism and further support the possibility that changes in DA function differ following short term vs. long term neuroleptic exposure.