Ten years after it was diagnosed, AIDS is estimated to have affected 10 million people worldwide and about 2-3 million people in the United States. Initially considered to be a disease of coasts (New York, California, Florida), AIDS is making inroad to mid-America as well. It involves the nervous system in a variety of ways. These include direct involvement by the virus, secondary opportunistic infections, and tumors. The spectrum of nervous system involvement is the subject of our review.