Antihypertensive treatment and new-onset diabetes mellitus

Curr Hypertens Rep. 2005 Aug;7(4):298-303. doi: 10.1007/s11906-005-0029-9.

Abstract

The various antihypertensive regimens have varying effects on glucose metabolism and the development of diabetes mellitus. Recent large hypertension trials have shown great differences in the development of new-onset diabetes among antihypertensive drug therapies. The incidence of diabetes is unchanged or increased by thiazide diuretics and b-adrenergic blockers, and unchanged or decreased by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin-receptor blockers. The differences in new-onset diabetes mellitus have not influenced the outcome of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in all of the large clinical trials, but drug-induced diabetes among hypertensive patients is known to carry the same cardiovascular risk as that seen in patients with previously known diabetes; however, it might take years for the increased risk to become apparent.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antihypertensive Agents / adverse effects
  • Antihypertensive Agents / classification
  • Antihypertensive Agents / metabolism*
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Blood Glucose / drug effects
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / chemically induced
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / drug therapy*
  • Prediabetic State / blood
  • Prediabetic State / metabolism

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Blood Glucose