Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in much of the developed world. Cancer-related mortality is slowly decreasing as a result of better detection and improved surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy is now considered the standard treatment for stage III colon cancer, and has evolved recently with the introduction of infusional, combination chemotherapy. Adjuvant therapy for stage II colon cancer has been more controversial. Recent trial data suggest, however, that there is a legitimate case for discussing the advantages and limitations with individual patients.