Five repetitive-element PCR (rep-PCR) techniques [primer sets ERIC1R-ERIC2 and REP1R-REP2I and primers ERIC2, BOXA1R, and (GTG)5] were evaluated for the discrimination of Salmonella enterica isolates at the serotype level. On the basis of number, even distribution over the whole fingerprint, and clarity of bands in the fingerprints, the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) primer set and the (GTG)5 primer were chosen for use in the following experiments. For these two primer sets, reproducibility was tested on different lysates of five selected serotypes of Salmonella in the same PCR by using three different PCR runs. Reproducibility was poor between different PCR runs but high within the same PCR run. Furthermore, 80 different serotypes and five isolates which were not typeable by serotyping were fingerprinted. All strains were typeable by the ERIC primer set and the (GTG)5 primer and generated unique fingerprints, except for some strains with incomplete antigenic codes. Finally, 55 genetically different strains belonging to 10 serotypes were fingerprinted to examine the genetic diversity of the rep-PCR within serotypes. This experiment showed that one serotype did not always correlate to only one ERIC or (GTG)5 fingerprint but that the fingerprint heterogeneity within a serotype was limited. In epidemiological studies, ERIC- and/or (GTG)5-PCR can be used to limit the number of strains that have to be serotyped. The reproducibility of isolates in one PCR run, the discriminatory power, and the genetic diversity (stability) of the fingerprint were similar for the Eric primer set and the (GTG)5 primer, so both are equally able to discriminate Salmonella serotypes.