Inhibition of protein kinase c-Src reduces the incidence of breast cancer metastases and increases survival in mice: implications for therapy

J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Jul;318(1):161-72. doi: 10.1124/jpet.106.102004. Epub 2006 Apr 20.

Abstract

c-Src is a proto-oncogene, belonging to the nonreceptor protein kinases family, which plays a prominent role in carcinogenesis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that c-Src could promote breast cancer metastasis acting on several cell types and that pharmacological disruption of its kinase activity could be beneficial for the treatment of metastases. Female BALB/c-nu/nu mice were subjected to intracardiac injection of the human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 (MDA-231), which induced prominent bone and visceral metastases. These were pharmacologically reduced by treatment with the c-Src inhibitor [7-{4-[2-(2-methoxy-ethylamino-ethoxy]-phenyl}-5-(3-methoxy-phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine] CGP76030 (100 mg/kg/day p.o.), resulting in decreased morbidity and lethality. Metastases were more severe in mice injected with MDA-231 cells stably transfected with wild-type c-Src (MDA-231-SrcWT), whereas transfection in injected cells of a c-Src kinase-dead dominant-negative construct (MDA-231-SrcDN) resulted in reduced morbidity, lethality, and incidence of metastases similar to the mice treated with the inhibitor. An analogous beneficial effect of c-Src inhibition was observed in subcutaneous and intratibial implanted tumors. In vitro, c-Src suppression reduced MDA-231 cell aggressiveness. It also impaired osteoclast bone resorption both directly and by reducing expression by osteoblasts of the osteoclastogenic cytokines interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6, whereas parathyroid hormone-related peptide was not implicated. c-Src was also modestly but consistently involved in the enhancement of endothelial cell proliferation in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. In conclusion, we propose that c-Src disruption affects the metastatic process and thus is a therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Bone Neoplasms / enzymology*
  • Bone Neoplasms / secondary
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms / enzymology*
  • CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • Protein Kinase C / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Protein Kinase C / metabolism
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Mas
  • Pyrimidines / pharmacology
  • Pyrimidines / therapeutic use
  • Pyrroles / pharmacology
  • Pyrroles / therapeutic use
  • Survival Rate
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays / methods
  • src-Family Kinases

Substances

  • CGP 76030
  • MAS1 protein, human
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Mas
  • Pyrimidines
  • Pyrroles
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase
  • src-Family Kinases
  • CSK protein, human
  • Protein Kinase C