Histo- and immunohistochemical distribution of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the amygdaloid nuclei of young adult (3 month old) and aged (26 month old) Wistar rats was compared. AChE staining and ChAT immunoreactivity showed the same regional variations in the amygdaloid nuclei of young adult rats. The density and staining of AChE- and ChAT-positive fibres, terminals, and nerve cells were reduced in aged rat amygdala. Moreover, heavily stained aberrant fibres and coarse terminals were located around the nerve cells, blood vessels, and occasionally in patches. In aged rats, atrophic AChE positive and ChAT immunoreactive nerve cells exhibited serpentine-like, thicker, and less extensively branched dendrites than those in young adult rats. These changes are similar to the age-related changes in the cholinergic enzymes in other brain regions which are targets to the basal forebrain.