Absence of the G protein-coupled receptor G2A in mice promotes monocyte/endothelial interactions in aorta

Circ Res. 2007 Mar 2;100(4):572-80. doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000258877.57836.d2. Epub 2007 Jan 25.

Abstract

The G protein-coupled receptor G2A is highly expressed on macrophages and lymphocytes and has been localized to atherosclerotic plaques. We examined the role of G2A in modulating monocyte/endothelial interactions in the vessel wall. We measured adhesion of WEHI 78/24 monocytes to aortas of C57BL/6 (B6) and G2A-deficient (G2A(-/-)) mice using an ex vivo adhesion assay. G2A(-/-) mice had 10-fold elevations in adhesion of monocytes to aortas. Injection of GFP-expressing wild-type macrophages into B6 and G2A(-/-) mice in vivo showed increased macrophage accumulation in the aortic wall of G2A(-/-) mice. We isolated aortic endothelial cells (ECs) from B6 and G2A(-/-) mice and found a 2-fold increase in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin surface expression on G2A(-/-) ECs using flow cytometry. Using ELISA, we found a 3-fold increase in interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production by G2A(-/-) ECs compared with B6 ECs. We found a dramatic increase in nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor kappaB in G2A(-/-) ECs. Transfection of G2A into G2A(-/-) ECs to restore normal expression levels reduced p65 nuclear localization to 35%. Restoration of G2A expression in G2A(-/-) ECs significantly reduced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and endothelial selectin surface expression and reduced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-6 production. Restoring G2A to G2A(-/-) ECs reduced monocyte adhesion by 80% compared with G2A(-/-) ECs in a flow chamber assay. Absence of G2A in endothelium results in proinflammatory signaling and increased monocyte/endothelial interactions in the aortic wall. Thus, endothelial G2A expression may aid in prevention of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Aorta / cytology
  • Aorta / pathology
  • Aorta / physiology*
  • Atherosclerosis / metabolism
  • Atherosclerosis / pathology
  • Atherosclerosis / prevention & control
  • Cell Adhesion / genetics
  • Cell Communication / genetics*
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / physiology
  • Endothelium, Vascular / cytology
  • Endothelium, Vascular / pathology
  • Endothelium, Vascular / physiology*
  • Inflammation / metabolism
  • Inflammation / pathology
  • Inflammation / prevention & control
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Monocytes / cytology
  • Monocytes / physiology*
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / deficiency*
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / genetics
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / physiology

Substances

  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • G2A receptor
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled