Several studies performed over the last 20 years have revealed an appreciable decrease in the average time spent daily on physical activity by children and adolescents in Europe. On the other hand, sports and physical activity improve not only motor ability and coordination, but also impact positively on cognitive performance and mental health, and also reduce cardiovascular risks. Relevant associations agree that children should spend an hour a day indulging in moderate to higher-level physical activity. Daily periods of inactivity should be limited to fewer than two hours. Measures aimed at improving mobility should be made available in kindergartens, schools and universities.