Inhibitor development and successful immune tolerance in an HIV-infected patient with haemophilia A and after immune reconstitution with HAART

Haemophilia. 2007 Nov;13(6):707-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2007.01543.x.

Abstract

This is the case of a 28-year-old man with severe congenital haemophilia A, who had a relatively mild bleeding course during early childhood, with limited factor VIII (FVIII) exposure. He was infected with HIV before the age of 7 years, and demonstrated profound immunodeficiency from childhood, with very low CD4+ cell counts for more than a decade. Following initiation of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and gradually increasing CD4+ cells, he presented for the first time with a high-titre inhibitor at age 26, despite over 1000 previous FVIII exposures. Subsequently, his inhibitor was successfully eradicated with a standard immune tolerance protocol. It is likely that the effects of chronic HIV infection on T-lymphocyte pathways, and the partial immune reconstitution resulting from HAART, led to this patient's unusual inhibitor course. Such a case serves to augment knowledge gained in animal studies about the immunobiology of FVIII inhibitors.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / methods
  • Blood Coagulation Factor Inhibitors / immunology*
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
  • Factor VIII / immunology
  • Factor VIII / therapeutic use*
  • HIV Infections / complications
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy*
  • HIV Infections / immunology
  • Hemophilia A / complications
  • Hemophilia A / drug therapy*
  • Hemophilia A / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / immunology*
  • Immune Tolerance / drug effects*
  • Male

Substances

  • Blood Coagulation Factor Inhibitors
  • Factor VIII