Short- and long-term outcomes after stent-assisted percutaneous treatment of saphenous vein grafts in the drug-eluting stent era

Am J Cardiol. 2008 Jan 1;101(1):63-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.07.048. Epub 2007 Nov 19.

Abstract

Percutaneous treatment of saphenous vein graft (SVG) lesions has been associated with higher rates of periprocedural complications and restenosis compared with non-SVG lesions. Whether these outcomes are similar in contemporary clinical practice, particularly when drug-eluting stents are used, is unknown. We evaluated outcomes of 110 consecutive patients who were treated with stent-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention for 145 SVG lesions (drug-eluting stents used in 91.0% of lesions). Embolic protection devices were used in 52.1% of treated grafts. Adverse events were recorded up to 1 year. Major or minor periprocedural myocardial necrosis occurred in 11 patients (10.9%). At 1-year clinical follow-up, we observed 13 myocardial infarctions (13.7%), 8 target lesion revascularizations (8.4%), 18 target vessel revascularizations (19.0%), 2 stent thromboses (2.1%), and 7 deaths (7.4%). The incidence of major adverse cardiac events, defined as death, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization, was 30.5% at 1 year. By multivariable analysis, the presence of thrombus inside the graft before the procedure and the length of the stented segment were independent predictors of major adverse cardiac events at 1 year (hazard ratio for thrombus 4.07, 95% confidence interval 1.90 to 8.68, p = 0.0003; hazard ratio per millimeter of stented length 1.02, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.03, p = 0.025). In conclusion, our data show that patients with SVG lesions remain a high-risk subgroup with worse outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention compared with native vessel disease even in the era of drug-eluting stents.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary*
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Coronary Artery Bypass
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / mortality
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Myocardial Infarction / epidemiology
  • Myocardium / pathology
  • Necrosis
  • Paclitaxel / administration & dosage
  • Prospective Studies
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Registries
  • Retreatment
  • Saphenous Vein / transplantation*
  • Sirolimus / administration & dosage
  • Stents*
  • Thrombosis / mortality
  • Thrombosis / therapy*

Substances

  • Paclitaxel
  • Sirolimus