Objective: To assess the efficacy of tetracycline in triamcinolone acetonide ointment compared with triamcinolone acetonide ointment in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis.
Design: Randomised, double-blind parallel group study of 8 weeks' duration.
Setting: Outpatient clinic in a university hospital.
Participants: Forty-four adult patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (objective SCORAD > 25).
Interventions: Initial phase (2 weeks): 3% tetracycline 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide vs. 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide twice daily all over the body. MAINTENANCE PHASE: (6 weeks) 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide once daily for 2 weeks, followed by every other day for 2 weeks. In the last 2 weeks, two applications a week were done. An emollient was used additionally once daily.
Main outcome measures: Primary outcomes were the disease severity scores assessed by objective SCORAD and SASSAD at week 2. Secondary outcomes were the objective SCORAD and SASSAD at weeks 4 and 8, and Staphylococcus aureus colonization at weeks 0 and 2.
Results: No significant differences in disease severity outcomes were found between the two groups. Both groups showed clinically relevant improvements in disease severity compared with baseline at weeks 2 and 4. At week 8, there was some worsening in disease severity in both groups, but the disease severity was still significantly lower than at the beginning of the study. Improvement of bacterial colonization was seen in 14 (63.6%) out of the 22 patients in the 3% tetracycline 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide group and in 5 (22.7%) out of the 22 patients in the 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide group.
Conclusion: The addition of tetracycline was effective on skin colonization by S. aureus but did in our patients with atopic dermatitis not result in a significantly different improvement compared with the group treated without tetracycline.