Due to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, the survival rate of testicular cancer patients approaches 90%. Chemo- or radiotherapy may cause long-term complications, e.g. cardiovascular disease, secondary cancers and reduced fertility. Sperm cryopreservation is recommended depending on the extent of therapy and should be performed before orchiectomy. Furthermore, patients should be informed about long-term complications and their possible reduction by optimizing the risk factor profile.