Hypertension (HTN) is most likely the most common disease on Earth. It represents the single greatest preventable cause of death in humans and one of the most important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of HTN and pre-hypertension among preparatory and secondary school teachers in Jeddah, KSA, during the educational year 2006 /2007.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and a multistage stratified random sampling technique was used. HTN (using JNC VII criteria) was defined as Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) >/= 140 mmHg and / or Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) >/= 90 or concurrent use of antihypertensive agents.
Results: The prevalence of HTN & pre-hypertension were 25.2 % & 43.0 %, respectively, among the sample of 1476 teachers. Only 30.4 % of hypertensive teachers were aware of their condition. Linear regression indicated that for every 4 Kg increase of weight, there is increase of one mm Hg of SBP and 0.87 mm Hg of DBP. Logistic Regression illustrated that age >/= 40 years (aOR= 4.31, CI: 2.77, 6.73), Body Mass Index (BMI) >/= 25 (aOR= 3.03, CI: 1.77-5.19), males, and diabetes were significantly associated with HTN. Predictors of pre-hypertension were male gender (aOR = 3.22, CI: 2.49- 4.16), age >/= 40, and BMI >/= 25.
Conclusion: The prevalence of pre-hypertension and HTN was high among teachers in Jeddah & BMI was the strongest modifiable risk factor. Lifestyle modification and implementation of screening programs for obesity, diabetes, pre-hypertension and HTN are recommended.