The clinical and economic burden of prostate cancer in Canada is substantial, and is rising. Studies indicate that 1 in 7 men will develop prostate cancer during their lifetime, and another 1 in 27 will die because of it. It is estimated that 4300 Canadian men will die of prostate cancer in 2008. Age, family history, race and diet are all risks associated with the development of prostate cancer. A diagnosis of cancer carries a significant burden and like other cancers is a cause of significant anxiety and depression. Uncertainty regarding the value of screening for prostate cancer has been, and continues to be, a challenge for primary care physicians and urologists.