Setting: Uzbekistan has had 100% DOTS coverage since 2005; however, the treatment success rate has remained at around 80% for the last 4 years. Surveys from the capital city of Tashkent and from western Uzbekistan have shown high levels of primary multidrug resistance.
Objective: To assess treatment regimens prescribed for new cases of tuberculosis (TB), including the prescription of additional non-TB drugs, and the cost implications for the patient.
Design: We randomly sampled 30 clusters of seven new TB patients. Enrolled patients were interviewed and their medical records were reviewed.
Results: In general, the treatment regimens prescribed were correct; doses were high rather than low. Second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs were rarely prescribed. In addition to anti-tuberculosis drugs, patients were prescribed on average seven to eight non-TB drugs. The rationale for prescribing the non-TB drugs was, however, questionable. Patients incurred substantial costs for these drugs, some of which were not without risk.
Conclusion: Prescriptions of anti-tuberculosis drugs for new TB patients are adequate; however, the practice of prescribing additional non-TB drugs needs to be reconsidered.