Impact of worksite wellness intervention on cardiac risk factors and one-year health care costs

Am J Cardiol. 2009 Nov 15;104(10):1389-92. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.07.007. Epub 2009 Sep 26.

Abstract

Cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training (CRET) provides health risk intervention in cardiac patients over a relatively short time frame. Worksite health programs offer a unique opportunity for health intervention, but these programs remain underused due to concerns over recouping the costs. We evaluated the clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a 6-month worksite health intervention using staff from CRET. Employees (n = 308) and spouses (n = 31) of a single employer were randomized to active intervention (n = 185) consisting of worksite health education, nutritional counseling, smoking cessation counseling, physical activity promotion, selected physician referral, and other health counseling versus usual care (n = 154). Health risk status was assessed at baseline and after the 6-month intervention program, and total medical claim costs were obtained in all participants during the year before and the year after intervention. Significant improvements were demonstrated in quality-of-life scores (+10%, p = 0.001), behavioral symptoms (depression -33%, anxiety -32%, somatization -33%, and hostility -47%, all p values <0.001), body fat (-9%, p = 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (+13%, p = 0.0001), diastolic blood pressure (-2%, p = 0.01), health habits (-60%, p = 0.0001), and total health risk (-25%, p = 0.0001). Of employees categorized as high risk at baseline, 57% were converted to low-risk status. Average employee annual claim costs decreased 48% (p = 0.002) for the 12 months after the intervention, whereas control employees' costs remained unchanged (-16%, p = NS), thus creating a sixfold return on investment. In conclusion, worksite health intervention using CRET staff decreased total health risk and markedly decreased medical claim costs within 12 months.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anxiety / epidemiology
  • Anxiety / therapy
  • Blood Pressure
  • Body Fat Distribution
  • Cholesterol, HDL / blood
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis
  • Counseling
  • Depression / epidemiology
  • Depression / therapy
  • Diastole
  • Diet
  • Exercise
  • Female
  • Health Behavior
  • Health Benefit Plans, Employee / economics*
  • Health Care Costs
  • Health Education
  • Health Promotion
  • Health Status*
  • Hostility
  • Humans
  • Insurance Claim Review
  • Louisiana / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Occupational Health Services / economics*
  • Occupational Health Services / organization & administration*
  • Quality of Life
  • Referral and Consultation
  • Risk Assessment*
  • Risk Factors
  • Smoking Cessation

Substances

  • Cholesterol, HDL