A novel behavioral treatment for persistent stuttering is described. Analysis of the dysfluent speech shows that children who emit high rates of stuttering on content words in sentences have a poor prognosis for recovery, compared to those who emit high rates of stuttering on function words. This novel technique aimed to reverse the pattern of dysfluencies noted in such children, and reduce stuttering in the short-term. To this end, dysfluent content words only were subject to an over-correction procedure. In contrast, dysfluent function words were subject to social approval. The results of two studies indicated that these procedures reduced rates of content word stuttering, even at a post-treatment follow-up assessment, for those with severe, and previously intractable, stuttering. These data suggest the efficacy of behavioral interventions for persistent stuttering, and point to the importance of careful delineation between the parts of speech to be subject to various contingencies. However, it remains to be seen whether the treatment efficacy was specifically due to targeting the parts of speech of the stutter-contingent time-outs.