Abstract
Aspiration pneumonia and pneumonitis are common clinical syndromes that occur in hospitalized patients. Aspiration pneumonia occurs in patients with dysphagia and usually presents as a community-acquired pneumonia with a focal infiltrate in a dependent bronchopulmonary segment. Patients with aspiration pneumonia require treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics and management of the underlying dysphagia. Aspiration pneumonitis follows the aspiration of gastric contents, usually in patients with a marked decreased level of consciousness. Treatment of aspiration pneumonitis is essentially supportive; however, corticosteroids and other immunomodulating agents may have a role in these patients.
MeSH terms
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Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
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Cough / physiopathology
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Deglutition Disorders / complications
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Deglutition Disorders / diagnosis
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Deglutition Disorders / therapy
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Diagnosis, Differential
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Enteral Nutrition
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Humans
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Immunologic Factors / therapeutic use
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Intubation, Intratracheal
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Oral Hygiene
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Pneumonia / diagnosis
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Pneumonia / etiology
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Pneumonia / physiopathology
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Pneumonia / therapy*
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Pneumonia, Aspiration / diagnosis
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Pneumonia, Aspiration / etiology
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Pneumonia, Aspiration / physiopathology
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Pneumonia, Aspiration / therapy*
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Reflex, Abnormal
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Risk Factors
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Suction
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Unconsciousness / complications
Substances
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Adrenal Cortex Hormones
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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Immunologic Factors