Risk stratification nomogram for nephropathy after abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography

Am J Emerg Med. 2011 May;29(4):412-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2009.11.015. Epub 2010 Apr 2.

Abstract

Objectives: Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (A-CECT) is widely used in emergency departments despite the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy. We attempted to develop a risk stratification nomogram for nephropathy in patients receiving emergency A-CECT.

Methods: Seven hundred fifty patients who received emergency A-CECT between August 2003 and January 2007, with available serum creatinine (SCr) measurements before and after A-CECT were included. Nephropathy was defined as either an absolute increase of 0.5 mg/dL or greater (44 μmol/L) or a relative increase of 25% or more in the SCr from baseline. A nomogram was developed based on multivariate logistic regression analysis using clinical variables available before A-CECT. The model was internally validated with a bootstrapping method, and performance was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) and calibration curve.

Results: Nephropathy was observed in 34 of 750 patients. A nomogram was developed using age (odds ratio, 1.04 per 1-year increment) and baseline SCr (odds ratio, 2.51 per 1-mg/dL increment) as risk factors. Diagnostic accuracy of the model was fair by bias-corrected calibration plot. The AUC of the model was 0.794 (95% confidence interval, 0.734-0.854), and the AUC with bootstrapping samples of 200 repetitions was 0.794 (95% confidence interval, 0.737-0.851).

Conclusion: The risk of nephropathy after emergency A-CECT can be individually predicted by internally validated nomogram using clinical variables available before the procedure.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Contrast Media / adverse effects*
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Emergency Service, Hospital*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Iohexol / adverse effects
  • Iohexol / analogs & derivatives
  • Iopamidol / adverse effects
  • Iopamidol / analogs & derivatives
  • Kidney Diseases / chemically induced*
  • Kidney Diseases / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nomograms*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • ROC Curve
  • Radiography, Abdominal / adverse effects*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Contrast Media
  • iomeprol
  • Iohexol
  • iopromide
  • Creatinine
  • Iopamidol