Evaluating pharmacists' ability to counsel on tobacco cessation using two standardized patient scenarios

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the impact that role-playing two pre/post standardized patient scenarios within a tobacco cessation training program had on pharmacists' counseling skills. Second, to analyze the validity of the observation coding tool used to evaluate pharmacist's role-play performance.

Methods: Pharmacists performed two role-playing scenarios which incorporated national guidelines, the 5A's counseling process, and the "preparation" and "action" phases of the transtheoretical model. Pharmacists' performance was evaluated with an observation coding tool.

Results: Pharmacists' (n=25) counseling performance improved significantly post-training (p<0.02: Action Scenario; p<0.004: Preparation Scenario). More than 50% of pharmacists provided patient-directed tobacco consultation services in the one year following training. The observation tool score for the "action phase" scenario was highly associated with pharmacists' subsequent delivery of tobacco cessation services in community practice.

Conclusion: Role-playing facilitated pharmacists' skill development. The evaluation tool and Action Scenario may be powerful for predicting pharmacists' delivery of tobacco cessation services.

Practice implications: Incorporating role-playing and structured tools for performance evaluation can help enhance pharmacist performance during training and predict service delivery in community practice. Together they could facilitate tailored feedback to help pharmacists struggling with the difficult task of extending cognitive service roles in practice.