Epitope-dependent effects of Beta-amyloid antibodies on Beta-amyloid clearance in an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier

Microcirculation. 2011 Jul;18(5):373-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1549-8719.2011.00096.x.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the role of RAGE in the epitope-dependent effects of Aβ antibodies used as a peripheral sink therapy in AD.

Methods: An in vitro model of the BBB was used to examine the effect of various Aβ antibodies or Aβ peptide fragments on Aβ exchange across the BBB.

Results: An N-terminal Aβ antibody significantly enhanced the basolateral-to-apical transcytosis of fluorescein-Aβ(1-42) across the BBB model (41%), while no effect was apparent with a C-terminal Aβ antibody. Interestingly, modulation of RAGE in the presence of a C-terminal Aβ antibody resulted in a 65% increase in Aβ clearance across the BBB model, suggesting the C-terminal antibody-Aβ complex is susceptible to RAGE transport. Additionally, N-terminal peptide fragments of Aβ attenuated the brain penetration of full length Aβ in the BBB model, indicating the N-terminal region of Aβ is required for brain uptake.

Conclusions: Antibodies masking the N-terminal region of Aβ increase Aβ clearance across the BBB by preventing Aβ from interacting with the RAGE transporter, whereas antibodies bound to the C-terminus of Aβ are taken up by RAGE and, hence, do not influence the BBB clearance of Aβ.

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease / drug therapy
  • Alzheimer Disease / immunology
  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / immunology
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / metabolism*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / immunology
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / pharmacology*
  • Biological Transport / drug effects
  • Biological Transport / immunology
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / immunology
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / metabolism*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Epitopes / immunology
  • Epitopes / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Models, Biological*
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
  • Receptors, Immunologic / immunology
  • Receptors, Immunologic / metabolism
  • Transcytosis / drug effects*

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Epitopes
  • Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
  • Receptors, Immunologic