Objective: To measure the impact of an employer-sponsored, pharmacist-provided medication therapy management (MTM) program on clinical outcomes and social and process measures for patients with diabetes with or without associated comorbid conditions.
Methods: Prospective longitudinal study that took place at seven independent pharmacies in Lucas County, OH. A total of 228 patients with diabetes were enrolled. At 6-month intervals, patients were counseled by their pharmacists. Outcome measures included clinical outcomes (glycosylated hemoglobin [A1C], systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]), social measures (caffeine intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, and exercise), and process measures (visits to ophthalmologist, podiatrist, and dentist). Wilcoxon signed-rank test and percentages were used to report findings.
Results: Mean (± SD) A1C concentration decreased from 7.08 ± 1.54% to 6.89 ± 1.30% at 12 months. Patients with A1C levels greater than 7% at baseline averaged a decrease of 0.5% at 6 months and 0.75% at 12 months. Mean SBP values decreased significantly from baseline to 12 months. A total of 87 patients with a baseline SBP greater than 130 mm Hg experienced a significant change in blood pressure from baseline to 6 months (-7.1 ± 3.32 mm Hg), and 65 patients experienced a significant change in blood pressure from baseline to 12 months (-11.49 ± 0.15 mm Hg). A total of 104 patients with a baseline DBP more than 80 mm Hg experienced a significant decrease of 4.44 ± 1.25 mm Hg at 6 months. Caffeine and alcohol consumption and smoking decreased and exercise increased. In addition, the percentage of patients who visited specialists increased.
Conclusion: Patients with diabetes experienced improvements in multiple clinical, social, and process measures.