12- and 15-lipoxygenases in adipose tissue inflammation

Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2013 Jul-Aug:104-105:84-92. doi: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2012.07.004. Epub 2012 Aug 20.

Abstract

The lipoxygenases (LOs) are principal enzymes involved in the oxidative metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic acid. 12- and 15-LO and their lipid metabolites have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance and diabetes. Adipose tissue, and in particular visceral adipose tissue, plays a primary role in the development of the inflammation seen in these conditions. 12- and 15-LO and their lipid metabolites act as upstream regulators of many of the cytokines involved in the inflammatory response in adipose tissue. While the role that 12- and 15-LO play in chronically inflamed adipose tissue is becoming clearer, there are still many questions that remain unanswered regarding their activation, signaling pathways, and roles in healthy fat. 12- and 15-LO also generate products with anti-inflammatory properties that are under investigation. Therefore, 12- and 15-LO have the potential to be very important targets for therapeutics aimed at reducing insulin resistance and the comorbid conditions associated with obesity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adipogenesis
  • Animals
  • Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase / metabolism*
  • Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase / metabolism*
  • Arachidonic Acid / metabolism*
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / enzymology
  • Inflammation / pathology
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / enzymology*
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / pathology
  • Mice
  • Obesity / enzymology*
  • Obesity / pathology
  • Signal Transduction

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Arachidonic Acid
  • Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase
  • Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase