Efficient transformation of grease to biodiesel using highly active and easily recyclable magnetic nanobiocatalyst aggregates

Bioresour Technol. 2013 Oct:145:233-9. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.053. Epub 2012 Dec 19.

Abstract

Green and efficient production of biodiesel (FAME) from waste grease containing high amount of free fatty acid (FFA) was achieved by using novel magnetic nanobiocatalyst aggregates (MNA). Thermomyces lanuginosus Lipase (TLL) and Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB) were covalently immobilized on core-shell structured iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle (80 nm), respectively, followed by freeze-dry to give MNA (13-17 μm) with high yield (80-89%) and high enzyme loading (61 mg TLL or 22 mg CALB per gram MNA). MNA TL showed the best performance among immobilized enzymes known thus for the production of FAME from grease (17 wt.% FFA) with methanol, giving 99% yield in 12 h (3.3 wt.% catalyst). MNA TL was easily separated under magnetic field and reused, retaining 88% productivity in 11th cycle. MNA CA converted >97% FFA in grease (17 wt.% FFA) to FAME in 12 h (0.45 wt.% catalyst), being useful in two-step transformation of grease to biodiesel.

Keywords: Biodiesel; Enzyme catalysis; Free fatty acid; Grease; Magnetic nanoparticles.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Ascomycota / enzymology
  • Biofuels*
  • Bioreactors*
  • Biotechnology / methods*
  • Biotransformation / physiology
  • Candida / enzymology
  • Chromatography, Gas
  • Fats / chemistry
  • Fats / metabolism*
  • Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / metabolism*
  • Freeze Drying
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles*
  • Methanol / metabolism
  • Waste Products*

Substances

  • Biofuels
  • Fats
  • Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles
  • Waste Products
  • Methanol