Surgical treatment and outcomes of severe pediatric intestinal motility disorders requiring parenteral nutrition

J Pediatr Surg. 2013 Feb;48(2):333-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.11.010.

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to characterize outcomes of children with severe intestinal motility disorders (IMD) requiring parenteral nutrition (PN).

Methods: Twenty consecutive children with primary IMD requiring long-term PN between 1984 and 2010 were included. Median (interquartile range) follow-up was 13.1 (5.2-20.1) years. Treatment, PN dependence, growth, nutritional status, liver function, and survival were assessed.

Results: Underlying etiology included chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction (CIPO; n=8) and Hirschsprung disease with extensive aganglionosis (n=12). CIPO and aganglionosis patients had 100 (86-100%) and 29 (19-40%) of age-adjusted small bowel length remaining, respectively. In order to facilitate enteral tolerance and avoid PN-associated liver disease, short aganglionic segment (40 cm) was left in situ in four of five cases, with aganglionosis extending to duodenojejunal flexure combined with Ziegler myectomy-myotomy in two. Six of seven children with aganglionosis extending into mid small intestine underwent staged jejunoanal pull-through. Feeding/venting gastrostomies (n=13) or jejunostomies were commonly employed. Probability of PN dependence owing to IMD was markedly increased in relation to short bowel syndrome (70 versus 19% at 5 years, P<0.0001). Two (10%) patients developed end-stage liver disease. A total of 11 (55%) patients (5 CIPO and 6 aganglionosis) weaned off PN after 8.2 years (1.8-17 years), including two patients after intestinal transplantation (ITx). Two children died before ITx-era giving overall survival of 90%. Survivors had well-preserved liver function, growth, and nutritional status.

Conclusions: Despite high PN dependence, long-term survival is achievable in the majority of children with IMD requiring PN. A wide repertory of surgical options including ITx is required for optimal outcomes.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Motility*
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Diseases / surgery*
  • Intestinal Diseases / therapy
  • Male
  • Parenteral Nutrition*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult