Transverse susceptibility as a biosensor for detection of Au-Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle-embedded human embryonic kidney cells

Sensors (Basel). 2013 Jul 3;13(7):8490-500. doi: 10.3390/s130708490.

Abstract

We demonstrate the possibility of using a radio-frequency transverse susceptibility (TS) technique based on a sensitive self-resonant tunnel-diode oscillator as a biosensor for detection of cancer cells that have taken up magnetic nanoparticles. This technique can detect changes in frequency on the order of 10 Hz in 10 MHz. Therefore, a small sample of cells that have taken up nanoparticles when placed inside the sample space of the TS probe can yield a signal characteristic of the magnetic nanoparticles. As a proof of the concept, Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with Au (mean size ~60 nm) were synthesized using a micellar method and these nanoparticles were introduced to the medium at different concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL buffer, where they were taken up by human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells via phagocytosis. While the highest concentration of Au-Fe3O4 nanoparticles (1 mg/mL) was found to give the strongest TS signal, it is notable that the TS signal of the nanoparticles could still be detected at concentrations as low as 0.1 mg/mL.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Biosensing Techniques / methods*
  • Cell Tracking / methods*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Immunomagnetic Separation / methods*
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles / analysis*
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles / ultrastructure
  • Particle Size
  • Phagocytosis / physiology*

Substances

  • Magnetite Nanoparticles