Infantile hemangiomas of the head and neck

Abstract

Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are benign vascular tumors. Clinical history and physical examination are the most important factors for diagnosis, with most IHs having a typical presentation. Treatment is required for some IHs that cause significant cosmetic deformity or functional compromise. Propranolol is the first-line treatment of most IHs. Ongoing research is increasing our understanding of the pathophysiology of these tumors and should help to identify future potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords: Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT 1); Head and neck; PHACES; Pediatric hemangioma; Propranolol; Subglottic hemangioma.