Exercise training is safe after coronary stenting: a prospective multicentre study

Abstract

Background: Data on the safety of exercise training after coronary stenting are scarce.

Design: This is a prospective cohort study of 3132 patients with coronary stenting within the last 12 months, recruited by 44 cardiac rehabilitation centres; patients were included in a cardiac rehabilitation programme with training sessions 3-5 days a week. Cardiac rehabilitation was defined as early rehabilitation when starting <1 month after coronary stenting and as late rehabilitation when starting later.

Methods: Rate of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after coronary stenting was estimated according to time to training session. ACS was defined as related to exercise when it occurs during or within the hour after an exercise stress test or a training session. All ACS were documented by an angiographic control.

Results: Overall 5016 stents (41.4% drug-eluting stents) were implanted in 3132 patients aged 56.5 ± 12.9 years (84.7% men) with a median of 1 stent (range 1-8) per patient. Indication of coronary senting was ACS (86.4%), angina pectoris (8.6%), and silent ischaemia (5%). Combined antiplatelet treatment was used in 97.2% of the patients. Overall rate of ACS after coronary stenting was 2.9/1000 patients, corresponding to 1.7 complications out of 10(6) patient-hours of exercise. There were four stent thromboses related to exercise (1.2/1000 patients, 0.8/10(6) patient-hours of exercise): two in the early rehabilitation group (days 9 and 11), and two in the late rehabilitation group (days 77 and 228).

Conclusions: Exercise training seems safe and there is no justification to delay cardiac rehabilitation after coronary stenting.

Keywords: Coronary artery disease; exercise; rehabilitation; safety; stent.