Abstract
We assessed ferumoxytol-enhanced brain MRI to identify monocyte/macrophage accumulation in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). Four HIV-infected subjects with undetectable HIV RNA levels on antiretroviral therapy, HIV DNA level in CD14+ cells ≥10 copies/10(6) cells, and cognitive impairment underwent ferumoxytol-enhanced brain MRI. On post-ferumoxytol susceptibility-weighted images, all HIV-infected subjects demonstrated a diffuse "tram track" appearance in the perivascular regions of cortical and deep white matter vessels suggesting ferumoxytol uptake in monocytes/macrophages. This finding was not present in an HIV-seronegative control. While ferumoxytol may have potential as an imaging biomarker for monocyte/macrophage accumulation in patients with HAND, future study is needed.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Aged
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Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use*
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Case-Control Studies
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Cell Movement
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Cerebral Cortex / blood supply
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Cerebral Cortex / drug effects
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Cerebral Cortex / pathology*
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Cognition Disorders / diagnosis
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Cognition Disorders / etiology
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Cognition Disorders / pathology*
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Feasibility Studies
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Ferrosoferric Oxide*
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HIV Infections / complications
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HIV Infections / drug therapy
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HIV Infections / pathology*
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HIV-1*
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Humans
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Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / metabolism
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Macrophages / metabolism
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Macrophages / pathology
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Monocytes / metabolism
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Monocytes / pathology
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Neuroimaging
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RNA, Viral / blood
Substances
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Anti-HIV Agents
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Lipopolysaccharide Receptors
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RNA, Viral
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Ferrosoferric Oxide