Self-reported exercise and bone mineral density in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy

J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2014 Jan;26(1):40-48. doi: 10.1002/2327-6924.12066. Epub 2013 Aug 27.

Abstract

Purpose: Men with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) are at increased risk for decreased bone mineral density (BMD). This study evaluates the relationship between self-reported daily activity, endurance and resistance exercise, and BMD measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in prostate cancer patients receiving ADT.

Data sources: We recruited 96 men treated with ADT for ≥9 months from urology and cancer practices. The Canadian Fitness Survey assessed daily activity and exercise. Data on demographic and lifestyle characteristics and calcium and vitamin D supplementation were collected. Blood was collected for analysis of 25-OH vitamin D. A DEXA scan was performed.

Conclusions: A positive association between endurance exercise and DEXA T-scores of the hip was shown. Regression analysis showed endurance exercise of medium to heavy intensity (measured as energy expenditure in MET-hours/week) was associated with T-scores of the hip (β = 0.048; 95% CI 0.003, 0.112; p = .040) but not with spinal T-scores after controlling for age, body mass index, and alcohol use.

Implications for practice: Findings are cross-sectional, but if confirmed in prospective studies suggest that increased endurance exercise is a practical measure nurse practitioners can institute to prevent low bone density in the hip of men treated with ADT.

Keywords: Androgen ablation therapy; cancer, bone mineral density; exercise.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Androgen Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bone Density*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Exercise*
  • Humans
  • Life Style
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / complications
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Self Report

Substances

  • Androgen Antagonists
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents