Lymph node ratio influence on risk of head and neck cancer locoregional recurrence after initial surgical resection: implications for adjuvant therapy

Head Neck. 2015 Jun;37(6):777-82. doi: 10.1002/hed.23662. Epub 2014 Apr 30.

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine if lymph node ratio is associated with locoregional recurrence for patients with oral cavity or laryngeal cancer treated with initial surgical management.

Methods: The study included 350 patients with oral cavity (73%) or laryngeal cancer (27%) who underwent initial surgery. All analyses were multivariable, adjusting for primary site, pathologic prognostic factors, and adjuvant therapy.

Results: Lymph node ratio was significantly associated with locoregional recurrence, in which each 1% increase in lymph node ratio had an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for locoregional recurrence of 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002-1.042; p = .05). Lymph node ratio was also associated with OS, in which each 1% increase in lymph node ratio had an adjusted HR for death of 1.028 (95% CI, 1.012-1.045; p = .001).

Conclusion: Adjusting for pathologic factors and adjuvant therapy, lymph node ratio was found to be an independent prognostic factor for locoregional recurrence and overall survival (OS). Patients with lymph node ratio ≥20% are at high risk of locoregional recurrence and death, and may be considered for adjuvant chemoradiation.

Keywords: adjuvant chemoradiotherapy; adjuvant radiotherapy; head and neck cancer; larynx cancer; oral cavity cancer; otolaryngology.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant / methods*
  • Databases, Factual
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / pathology
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Laryngeal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Mouth Neoplasms / mortality
  • Mouth Neoplasms / pathology
  • Mouth Neoplasms / surgery
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neck Dissection / methods
  • Neck Dissection / mortality
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / therapy*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome