Background: Complex medical conditions are frequent among seniors, and their medical treatment represents a challenge. Older patients have a high rate of consumption of prescription drugs, greater risks of medication interactions, and a higher likelihood of side effects. Many common drugs used by the elderly also have addictive potential. Prescription patterns involving general practitioners (GPs) are not sufficiently known.
Objective: Our objective was to examine the regular GP role in the prescription of addictive and non-addictive drugs to home-dwelling older people in Norway.
Design: The study was designed as a panel data study.
Setting: Data on all prescription drugs dispensed at pharmacies to patients 70 years and older from the Norwegian Prescription Database were merged with data on GPs and GPs' patient lists from the Regular General Practitioner Database. The dataset included 624,308 patients and 4,520 GPs in the period from 2004 to 2007.
Outcome measures: Outcome measures included quantities of addictive and non-addictive drugs prescribed and dispensed per patient by the regular GP, other GPs, non-GP specialists, and hospital doctors; the number of prescribers per patient; and time trend over the observation period.
Results: On average, 319 defined daily doses of medication were prescribed per quarter to an older patient, 6 % of which were classified as possibly addictive medications. Of all drugs, 72 % were prescribed by the patients' regular GP, 77 % of addictives and 71 % of non-addictives. Drug quantities prescribed increased with multiple prescribers and did so to a greater extent for addictives than for non-addictives. Time trends show an increasing number of prescribers and increasing drug quantities over the observation period.
Conclusion: The regular GP prescribes the major portion of non-addictive and, especially, addictive medications to older patients and thus holds a key role in the coordination of prescriptions to this group. Focusing on the role of the GP is important in view of the increasing time trends.