Neuromuscular junction disorders mimicking myopathy

Muscle Nerve. 2014 Nov;50(5):854-6. doi: 10.1002/mus.24300. Epub 2014 Sep 24.

Abstract

Introduction: Small-amplitude, short-duration motor unit action potentials are non-specific findings seen in myopathies and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) disorders. NMJ studies (repetitive nerve stimulation and single-fiber electromyography) can determine if such findings are related to NMJ abnormalities but are not considered routinely in atypical cases.

Methods: Medical records of 338 patients with confirmed NMJ disorders were reviewed to identify cases with a clinical or electrodiagnostic impression of myopathy during initial evaluation. A history of muscle biopsy with findings that did not support a myopathic process was required for inclusion.

Results: Four patients met the inclusion criteria. NMJ studies were abnormal in all cases. One patient had elevated acetylcholine receptor antibodies. Three patients were antibody negative: 2 demonstrated immunotherapy responsiveness, and 1 had a Rapsyn mutation.

Conclusions: NMJ disorders may mimic myopathies, and NMJ studies should be performed to clarify so-called "myopathic" electromyographic findings to avoid unnecessary testing and delayed diagnosis.

Keywords: action potentials; electromyography; myasthenia gravis; neuromuscular junction disorders; repetitive nerve stimulation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Antibodies / blood
  • Biopsy
  • Creatine Kinase / blood
  • Electric Stimulation
  • Electromyography
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Muscle, Skeletal / physiopathology
  • Muscular Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Muscular Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Neuromuscular Junction Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Receptors, Cholinergic / immunology
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Antibodies
  • Receptors, Cholinergic
  • Creatine Kinase