Purpose: To investigate the 2-year outcomes of intravitreal injections of ranibizumab in typical neovascular age-related macular degeneration (tAMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Factors associated with visual outcomes are examined.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 128 consecutive eyes with treatment-naïve subfoveal AMD treated with ranibizumab and followed for ≥24 months. The association between visual outcomes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ARMS2 A69S and CFH I62V genes were examined.
Results: Fifty-eight eyes were diagnosed with tAMD and 70 eyes with PCV. In tAMD eyes, visual acuity (VA) improved at 3 months (P = 0.020) but returned to the baseline level at 6 months. Thereafter, VA was maintained until 24 months. In PCV eyes, VA significantly improved at 3 months (P = 0.015) and persisted at 12 months (P = 0.025), but the VA improvement dissipated by 24 months. With regard to genetic associations with VA and VA change, neither VA nor VA change showed significant associations with these SNPs at all time points in tAMD. In the PCV eyes, there were significant associations between ARMS2 A69S and VA at baseline and 1 year (P = 0.017 and P = 0.025, respectively). However, VA change showed no significant difference among these genotypes in PCV.
Conclusions: Intravitreal ranibizumab significantly improved the VA initially, but this improvement did not persist at 2 years post-treatment. In PCV, ARMS2 A69S polymorphism is associated with the baseline and 12-month VA, but is not associated with the visual prognosis at 24 months.