Evaluation of a Pharmacy-Managed Pharmacokinetic Dosing Program

J Pharm Pract. 2015 Dec;28(6):529-34. doi: 10.1177/0897190014544825. Epub 2014 Aug 8.

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a pharmacy-managed pharmacokinetic dosing program on appropriate dosing of famotidine, enoxaparin, and ketorolac.

Methods: A large community teaching hospital implemented a pharmacy-managed pharmacokinetic dosing program for famotidine, enoxaparin, and ketorolac. Subjects were included if they received famotidine and had a creatinine clearance (CrCl) of <50 mL/min; received therapeutic enoxaparin and had a CrCl of <30 mL/min; or received ketorolac and had a CrCl <30 mL/min, age > 65 years or weight <50 kg.

Results: One hundred and forty-six patients were included in the preimplementation group (famotidine [n = 50], enoxaparin [n = 46], and ketorolac [n = 50]) and 143 patients were included in the postimplementation group (famotidine [n = 50], enoxaparin [n = 43], and ketorolac [n = 50]). In all, 66% of patients were dosed appropriately in the preimplementation group (famotidine 28%, enoxaparin 85%, and ketorolac 86%) compared to 94% in the postimplementation group (famotidine 92%, enoxaparin 95%, and ketorolac 94%), P < .001.

Conclusion: Implementation of a pharmacy-managed pharmacokinetic dosing program significantly improved appropriate dosing of famotidine, enoxaparin, and ketorolac. These findings could justify expansion of pharmacist autonomy through institution-approved, pharmacy-managed programs for other medications to improve appropriate dosing. Analyses specifically evaluating patient-oriented or financial outcomes may provide additional support for expansion.

Keywords: enoxaparin; famotidine; ketorolac; pharmacokinetics; renal dosing.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacokinetics
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Anticoagulants / administration & dosage
  • Anticoagulants / pharmacokinetics
  • Creatinine / urine
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Enoxaparin / administration & dosage*
  • Enoxaparin / pharmacokinetics*
  • Famotidine / administration & dosage*
  • Famotidine / pharmacokinetics*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ketorolac / administration & dosage*
  • Ketorolac / pharmacokinetics*
  • Male
  • Pharmacy Service, Hospital*
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents
  • Anticoagulants
  • Enoxaparin
  • Famotidine
  • Creatinine
  • Ketorolac