Is glycosylated hemoglobin A1 c associated with increased risk for severe early postoperative complications in nondiabetics after laparoscopic gastric bypass?

Abstract

Background: Glycosylated hemoglobin A1 c (HbA1 c) has been described as a risk factor for adverse outcome after cardiovascular and colorectal surgery, but not for obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The objective of this study was to see if there is an association between HbA1 c and adverse outcome in laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery.

Methods: From the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry we identified 12,850 patients, without treatment for diabetes and operated with laparoscopic gastric bypass between January 1, 2010 and September 30, 2012, and where a baseline HbA1 c value was registered. Preoperative data were compared with data from a 30-day follow-up. Severe complications were defined according to the Clavien-Dindo-Scale as Grade 3 b or higher.

Results: HbA1 c levels below 5.7 % were associated with a lower incidence of severe complications (2.7 %) than higher levels (HbA1 c 5.7-6.49% incidence 3.5%, P = .015; HbA1 c>6.5%, incidence 4.5%, P = .012). After multivariate analysis with patient-specific confounders the difference remained significant (HbA1 c 5.7-6.49% adjusted P = .046; HbA1 c>6.5% adjusted P = .023) CONCLUSION: Elevated HbA1 c levels in patients without pharmacologic treatment for diabetes undergoing laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery is associated with an increased risk for severe complications during the first 30 postoperative days. This is the case, even at levels not regarded as diagnostic for diabetes.

Keywords: Glycosylated; Hemoglobin A1 c; Laparoscopic gastric bypass; Nondiabetic; Postoperative complications; Risk factor.