ELECTROCHEMISTRY. High-performance transition metal-doped Pt₃Ni octahedra for oxygen reduction reaction

Xiaoqing Huang; Zipeng Zhao; Liang Cao; Yu Chen; Enbo Zhu; Zhaoyang Lin; Mufan Li; Aiming Yan; Alex Zettl; Y Morris Wang; Xiangfeng Duan; Tim Mueller; Yu Huang

doi:10.1126/science.aaa8765

ELECTROCHEMISTRY. High-performance transition metal-doped Pt₃Ni octahedra for oxygen reduction reaction

Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1230-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa8765. Epub 2015 Jun 11.

Authors

Xiaoqing Huang¹, Zipeng Zhao¹, Liang Cao², Yu Chen¹, Enbo Zhu¹, Zhaoyang Lin³, Mufan Li³, Aiming Yan⁴, Alex Zettl⁴, Y Morris Wang⁵, Xiangfeng Duan⁶, Tim Mueller⁷, Yu Huang⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
² Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
³ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
⁴ Department of Physics and Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
⁵ Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
⁶ California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
⁷ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. tmueller@jhu.edu yhuang@seas.ucla.edu.
⁸ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. tmueller@jhu.edu yhuang@seas.ucla.edu.

PMID: 26068847
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa8765

Abstract

Bimetallic platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanostructures represent an emerging class of electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells, but practical applications have been limited by catalytic activity and durability. We surface-doped Pt3Ni octahedra supported on carbon with transition metals, termed M-Pt3Ni/C, where M is vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, molybdenum (Mo), tungsten, or rhenium. The Mo-Pt3Ni/C showed the best ORR performance, with a specific activity of 10.3 mA/cm(2) and mass activity of 6.98 A/mg(Pt), which are 81- and 73-fold enhancements compared with the commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.127 mA/cm(2) and 0.096 A/mg(Pt)). Theoretical calculations suggest that Mo prefers subsurface positions near the particle edges in vacuum and surface vertex/edge sites in oxidizing conditions, where it enhances both the performance and the stability of the Pt3Ni catalyst.

Publication types

Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.