Outcomes of transient ischemic attack in maintenance dialysis patients and those with chronic kidney disease

Fahad Saeed; Malik M Adil; Gabriel A Vidal; Bilal Hussain Piracha; Fadi Nahab; Abdus Salam Khan; Sankar D Navaneethan

doi:10.1093/ndt/gfv246

Outcomes of transient ischemic attack in maintenance dialysis patients and those with chronic kidney disease

Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2016 Jan;31(1):128-32. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfv246. Epub 2015 Jul 9.

Authors

Fahad Saeed¹, Malik M Adil², Gabriel A Vidal², Bilal Hussain Piracha³, Fadi Nahab⁴, Abdus Salam Khan⁵, Sankar D Navaneethan¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
² Department of Neurology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, New Orleans, LA, USA.
³ Integris South west hospital, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
⁴ Department of Neurology, Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, GA, USA.
⁵ Department of Emergency Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan.

PMID: 26160895
DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv246

Abstract

Background: In-hospital outcomes of transient ischemic attack (TIA) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring maintenance dialysis are largely unknown. We evaluated TIA-related in-hospital outcomes in these patients using a national database.

Methods: Our study is observational in nature. Data from all adult (≥ 18 years) patients admitted to US hospitals between 2005 and 2011 with a primary discharge diagnosis of TIA and secondary diagnosis of CKD and ESRD were included using the Nationwide In-Patient Sample. We aimed to compare the following TIA-related outcomes between CKD and ESRD patients: (i) degree of disability (mainly functional status) derived from discharge destination, (ii) length of stay, (iii) charges of hospitalization, and (iv) mortality. The comparisons of TIA-related mortality and discharge outcomes between CKD and ESRD were analyzed after adjusting for potential confounders using logistic regression analysis. We adjusted for age, sex, co-morbidities, hospital size and hospital teaching status.

Results: A total of 18 316 dialysis and 67 256 CKD patients were admitted with TIA in the study period (2005-11). On univariate analysis, there was no difference in the rates of moderate-to-severe disability (20.5% versus 20.2%, P = 0.7) and in-hospital mortality (0.4% versus 0.2%, P = 0.07) in ESRD patients compared with those with CKD. After adjusting for age, sex and potential confounders, ESRD patients with TIA had higher odds of moderate-to-severe disability at discharge [odds ratio (OR): 1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37-1.71, P ≤ 0.0001] and in-hospital death (OR: 2.87, 95% CI: 1.29-6.37, P = 0.009).

Conclusion: ESRD patients with TIA have significantly higher rates of moderate-to-severe disability at discharge and in-hospital mortality when compared with the patients of other stages of CKD who are not dialysis-dependent.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; dialysis; transient ischemic attack.

MeSH terms

Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Female
Hospital Mortality
Hospitalization
Humans
Ischemic Attack, Transient / etiology
Ischemic Attack, Transient / mortality
Ischemic Attack, Transient / therapy*
Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications*
Kidney Failure, Chronic / mortality
Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy
Male
Middle Aged
Renal Dialysis
Survival Analysis
Treatment Outcome