A Mixed Methods Approach to Identify Cognitive Warning Signs for Suicide Attempts

Arch Suicide Res. 2016 Oct-Dec;20(4):528-38. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2015.1136717. Epub 2016 Jan 13.

Abstract

This study used a mixed methods approach to examine pathways to suicidal behavior by identifying cognitive warning signs that occurred within 1 day of a suicide attempt. Transcripts of cognitive therapy sessions from 35 patients who attempted suicide were analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach. Cognitive themes emerging from these transcripts included: state hopelessness, focus on escape, suicide as a solution, fixation on suicide, and aloneness. Differences in demographic and baseline diagnostic and symptom data were explored in relation to each cognitive theme. We propose a potential conceptual model of cognitive warning signs for suicide attempts that requires further testing.

Keywords: cognitions; mixed methods; suicide attempts; warning signs.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cognition*
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / methods*
  • Female
  • Grounded Theory
  • Humans
  • Loneliness / psychology*
  • Male
  • Mood Disorders* / complications
  • Mood Disorders* / diagnosis
  • Mood Disorders* / psychology
  • Mood Disorders* / therapy
  • Pessimism / psychology*
  • Substance-Related Disorders / complications
  • Substance-Related Disorders / diagnosis
  • Substance-Related Disorders / psychology
  • Substance-Related Disorders / therapy
  • Suicidal Ideation
  • Suicide, Attempted* / prevention & control
  • Suicide, Attempted* / psychology
  • Symptom Assessment / methods
  • Treatment Outcome