Extrahepatic Complications of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Kristina R Chacko; John Reinus

doi:10.1016/j.cld.2015.10.004

Extrahepatic Complications of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Clin Liver Dis. 2016 May;20(2):387-401. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2015.10.004. Epub 2016 Feb 18.

Authors

Kristina R Chacko¹, John Reinus²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th Street, Rosenthal 2C, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.
² Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th Street, Rosenthal 2C, Bronx, NY 10467, USA. Electronic address: JREINUS@montefiore.org.

PMID: 27063276
DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2015.10.004

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important cause of liver disease that is often associated with the metabolic syndrome. There is a growing awareness that extrahepatic complications occur in individuals with NAFLD, especially an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Development of diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, colorectal cancer, and endocrinopathies has been linked to NAFLD. This article reviews the extrahepatic complications affecting individuals with NAFLD and the pathogenesis underlying their development.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Extrahepatic complications; Metabolic syndrome; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnosis
Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology*
Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease / epidemiology
Colorectal Neoplasms / epidemiology
Comorbidity
Diabetes Mellitus / epidemiology
Endocrine System Diseases / epidemiology*
Humans
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / complications
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / epidemiology*
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / physiopathology
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / epidemiology
Risk Factors
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / epidemiology