Genome-wide association study of serum coenzyme Q10 levels identifies susceptibility loci linked to neuronal diseases

Hum Mol Genet. 2016 Jul 1;25(13):2881-2891. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddw134. Epub 2016 May 5.

Abstract

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipophilic redox molecule that is present in membranes of almost all cells in human tissues. CoQ10 is, amongst other functions, essential for the respiratory transport chain and is a modulator of inflammatory processes and gene expression. Rare monogenetic CoQ10 deficiencies show noticeable symptoms in tissues (e.g. kidney) and cell types (e.g. neurons) with a high energy demand. To identify common genetic variants influencing serum CoQ10 levels, we performed a fixed effects meta-analysis in two independent cross-sectional Northern German cohorts comprising 1300 individuals in total. We identified two genome-wide significant susceptibility loci. The best associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was rs9952641 (P value = 1.31 × 10 -8, β = 0.063, CI0.95 [0.041, 0.085]) within the COLEC12 gene on chromosome 18. The SNP rs933585 within the NRXN-1 gene on chromosome 2 also showed genome wide significance (P value = 3.64 × 10 -8, β = -0.034, CI0.95 [-0.046, -0.022]). Both genes have been previously linked to neuronal diseases like Alzheimer's disease, autism and schizophrenia. Among our 'top-10' associated variants, four additional loci with known neuronal connections showed suggestive associations with CoQ10 levels. In summary, this study demonstrates that serum CoQ10 levels are associated with common genetic loci that are linked to neuronal diseases.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Ataxia / genetics
  • Ataxia / metabolism
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / genetics
  • Collectins / genetics
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Genetic Loci / genetics
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics
  • Genetic Variation / genetics
  • Genome-Wide Association Study
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mitochondrial Diseases / genetics
  • Mitochondrial Diseases / metabolism
  • Muscle Weakness / genetics
  • Muscle Weakness / metabolism
  • Nerve Degeneration / etiology
  • Nerve Degeneration / genetics*
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics
  • Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • Neurons
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / genetics
  • Receptors, Scavenger / genetics
  • Ubiquinone / analogs & derivatives*
  • Ubiquinone / blood
  • Ubiquinone / deficiency
  • Ubiquinone / genetics
  • Ubiquinone / metabolism

Substances

  • COLEC12 protein, human
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal
  • Collectins
  • NRXN1 protein, human
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • Receptors, Scavenger
  • Ubiquinone
  • coenzyme Q10

Supplementary concepts

  • Coenzyme Q10 Deficiency