The existing recommendations for fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) use in digestive cancers (excluding neuroendocrine tumours) are summarized in the present article. FDG-PET/CT is nowadays a routine imaging modality for digestive malignancies and its use is currently increasing. FDG-PET/CT is considered to be a crucial tool in pretherapeutic assessment of esophageal, localized pancreatic and anal cancer. It represents a key exam in suspicion of recurrence of colorectal cancer in case of elevated serum tumor markers. New data are emerging regarding FDG-PET/CT in therapeutic efficacy assessment, radiotherapy treatment planning and detection of recurrence in many digestive cancers. Incidental focal colonic FDG uptake has to be explored by colonoscopy, as often associated with premalignant or malignant lesions.
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