A protective role of cumulus cells after short-term exposure of rat cumulus cell-oocyte complexes to lifestyle or environmental contaminants

Reprod Toxicol. 2017 Apr:69:19-33. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.01.003. Epub 2017 Jan 10.

Abstract

Ovarian follicular fluid provides a potential reservoir for exogenous compounds that may adversely affect oocyte quality. This study examined the effects of common lifestyle and environmental contaminants, namely bisphenol-A (BPA), caffeine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), nicotine and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on gap junction genes (Gja1, Gja4) and proteins (GJA1), glucose metabolism genes (Gfpt1, Pfkp) and oocyte growth factor genes (Bmp15, Gdf9), as well as gap junction transfer rate, in rat cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). In vitro exposure to MDMA and THC accelerated the timing of meiotic resumption and all contaminants altered either gap junction gene expression (BPA, caffeine, MDMA and THC) or transfer rate (BPA and nicotine). In vitro exposure of COCs to MDMA also altered glucose metabolism genes. Overall, oocyte-derived genes were largely unaffected following exposure to any contaminant. In summary, the impact of short-term exposure to lifestyle and environmental contaminants on oocyte function may be diminished due to protective properties of cumulus cells.

Keywords: Cumulus cells; Environmental contaminants; Gap junctions; Glucose metabolism; Lifestyle factors; Oocyte; Oocyte growth factors.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Benzhydryl Compounds / toxicity
  • Caffeine / toxicity
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cumulus Cells / drug effects*
  • Cumulus Cells / metabolism
  • Dronabinol / toxicity
  • Environmental Pollutants / toxicity*
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Illicit Drugs / toxicity*
  • Life Style
  • N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine / toxicity
  • Nicotine / toxicity
  • Oocytes / drug effects*
  • Oocytes / metabolism
  • Phenols / toxicity
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Substances

  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Illicit Drugs
  • Phenols
  • Caffeine
  • Nicotine
  • Dronabinol
  • N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
  • bisphenol A