A phase I study of single-agent perifosine for recurrent or refractory pediatric CNS and solid tumors

PLoS One. 2017 Jun 5;12(6):e0178593. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178593. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is aberrantly activated in various pediatric tumors. We conducted a phase I study of the Akt inhibitor perifosine in patients with recurrent/refractory pediatric CNS and solid tumors. This was a standard 3+3 open-label dose-escalation study to assess pharmacokinetics, describe toxicities, and identify the MTD for single-agent perifosine. Five dose levels were investigated, ranging from 25 to 125 mg/m2/day for 28 days per cycle. Twenty-three patients (median age 10 years, range 4-18 years) with CNS tumors (DIPG [n = 3], high-grade glioma [n = 5], medulloblastoma [n = 2], ependymoma [n = 3]), neuroblastoma (n = 8), Wilms tumor (n = 1), and Ewing sarcoma (n = 1) were treated. Only one DLT occurred (grade 4 hyperuricemia at dose level 4). The most common grade 3 or 4 toxicity at least possibly related to perifosine was neutropenia (8.7%), with the remaining grade 3 or 4 toxicities (fatigue, hyperglycemia, fever, hyperuricemia, and catheter-related infection) occurring in one patient each. Pharmacokinetics was dose-saturable at doses above 50 mg/m2/day with significant inter-patient variability, consistent with findings reported in adult studies. One patient with DIPG (dose level 5) and 4 of 5 patients with high-grade glioma (dose levels 2 and 3) experienced stable disease for two months. Five subjects with neuroblastoma (dose levels 1 through 4) achieved stable disease which was prolonged (≥11 months) in three. No objective responses were noted. In conclusion, the use of perifosine was safe and feasible in patients with recurrent/refractory pediatric CNS and solid tumors. An MTD was not defined by the 5 dose levels investigated. Our RP2D is 50 mg/m2/day.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Central Nervous System Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Central Nervous System Neoplasms / pathology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Ependymoma / drug therapy
  • Ependymoma / pathology
  • Female
  • Glioma / drug therapy
  • Glioma / pathology
  • Humans
  • Hyperuricemia / chemically induced
  • Hyperuricemia / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Medulloblastoma / drug therapy
  • Medulloblastoma / pathology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / drug therapy*
  • Neuroblastoma / drug therapy*
  • Neuroblastoma / pathology
  • Neutropenia / chemically induced
  • Neutropenia / diagnosis
  • Phosphorylcholine / adverse effects
  • Phosphorylcholine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Phosphorylcholine / pharmacokinetics
  • Sarcoma, Ewing / drug therapy
  • Sarcoma, Ewing / pathology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wilms Tumor / drug therapy
  • Wilms Tumor / pathology

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Phosphorylcholine
  • perifosine