A Professionalism Curricular Model to Promote Transformative Learning Among Residents

J Grad Med Educ. 2017 Jun;9(3):351-356. doi: 10.4300/JGME-D-16-00421.1.

Abstract

Background: Using the frameworks of transformational learning and situated learning theory, we developed a technology-enhanced professionalism curricular model to build a learning community aimed at promoting residents' self-reflection and self-awareness. The RAPR model had 4 components: (1) Recognize: elicit awareness; (2) Appreciate: question assumptions and take multiple perspectives; (3) Practice: try new/changed perspectives; and (4) Reflect: articulate implications of transformed views on future actions.

Objective: The authors explored the acceptability and practicality of the RAPR model in teaching professionalism in a residency setting, including how residents and faculty perceive the model, how well residents carry out the curricular activities, and whether these activities support transformational learning.

Methods: A convenience sample of 52 postgraduate years 1 through 3 internal medicine residents participated in the 10-hour curriculum over 4 weeks. A constructivist approach guided the thematic analysis of residents' written reflections, which were a required curricular task.

Results: A total of 94% (49 of 52) of residents participated in 2 implementation periods (January and March 2015). Findings suggested that RAPR has the potential to foster professionalism transformation in 3 domains: (1) attitudinal, with participants reporting they viewed professionalism in a more positive light and felt more empathetic toward patients; (2) behavioral, with residents indicating their ability to listen to patients increased; and (3) cognitive, with residents indicating the discussions improved their ability to reflect, and this helped them create meaning from experiences.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that RAPR offers an acceptable and practical strategy to teach professionalism to residents.

MeSH terms

  • Curriculum*
  • Humans
  • Internal Medicine / education*
  • Internship and Residency*
  • Learning*
  • Models, Educational
  • Professionalism / education*